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4. The Reality of Decision Making
THE REALITY OF DECISION MAKING
Understanding
Decision Making
Some
proposed definitions of decision-making experts described as follows (Hasan,
2004):
1.
According to George R. Terry
Decision
making is the selection of alternative behavior of certain of two or more
alternatives.
2.
According S.P. Siagian
Decision
making is a systematic approach to the nature of the alternatives they face and
take appropriate action according to the calculations is the most appropriate
action.
3.
According to James A.F. Stoner
Decision
making is a process used to choose an action as a way of solving the problem.
Notions
of the above decision, it can be concluded that decision making is a process of
selecting the best alternative from several alternatives systematically to
follow up (used) as a way of solving the problem
According
Sondang P. Siagian was quoted as saying by the GK. Manila
in his
book Management Practices in State Government, there
four
models of decision making that is:
a. Model
optimization. Decision-making in order to obtain results
which
can be achieved and can not be separated from the limited resources
no. This
model is based on the maximum criteria, probability, and
benefits.
b.
Models satisfying. Decision making is not solely
through
rationality and logic approach procedure but in reality,
so that
decision makers are satisfied with and proud when
decisions
taken are adequate to fruition.
c. Mixed
scanning models. Decision-making that incorporates
Among
high rationality approach with a pragmatic approach.
d.
Heuristic models. Decision making based on concepts entirely
ynag
held by decision makers that is based on
his own
views on the problem at hand.
While
Bedjo Siswanto in his book Modern Management
said
there are two models of decision making that often there
within
the organization, namely:
a.
Normative model, which is a model of decision making
embody
the manager about how he should take
a group
decision. These models have generally been developed by
economists
and other management scientists. One example of this model
in
educational institutions is about financial budgeting.
b.
Descriptive models, ie models that explain the decision-making
concrete
behavior and this model has been developed by behavioral scientists
Difficult Words :
Proposed :
Di usulkan
Experts :
Ahli
Approach :
Pendekatan
Appropriate :
Sesuai
Calculations :
Perhitungan
Quoted :
Di kutip
Separated :
Di Pisahkan
Adequate :
Memadai
Fruition :
Tercapainya harapan
Embody :
Mewujudkan
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Sumber :